智能儀表適應(yīng)新的歐洲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　歐盟智能電網(wǎng)計(jì)劃闡明了智能電表的技術(shù)規(guī)范，這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)現(xiàn)在正在成為法定任務(wù)。嚴(yán)格的時(shí)間、安全和電源要求提出了具有挑戰(zhàn)性的設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題。新的MCU簡(jiǎn)化遷移路徑。

　　歐洲聯(lián)盟國(guó)家最近制定了將歐盟智能電網(wǎng)倡議納入國(guó)家立法的法律。在德國(guó)，政府已決定改用智能計(jì)量2014，從而使能源供應(yīng)商和電表制造商面臨壓力。能源經(jīng)濟(jì)法（“energiewirtschaftsgesetz，”EnWG）要求米必須反映實(shí)際能耗和實(shí)際使用時(shí)間，“從2010年1月開(kāi)始（§21b）。能源供應(yīng)商有義務(wù)創(chuàng)造每月，每季度或半年的總數(shù)，“他們也有提供“負(fù)荷變化或白天依賴關(guān)稅”直到2010年12月（§40）。如果沒(méi)有某種數(shù)據(jù)傳輸工具，這些法律義務(wù)很難滿足。在這樣的背景下，VDE最近發(fā)布計(jì)量裝置兩種規(guī)格。規(guī)格系列EDL（edl21和edl40）涵蓋了德國(guó)4300萬(wàn)家持有米近似，而對(duì)稱2（“同步模塊表”）在商業(yè)和工業(yè)領(lǐng)域的目標(biāo)。

　　Both specifications employ elliptic curve cryptography （ECC） for creating digital signatures on consumption measurement values. In particular， the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm （ECDSA） guarantees the authenticity of remote meter readings. Compared to other algorithms， like RSA， ECC provides the same level of security with shorter keys， or more security when the key-length is kept equal. For instance， an ECDSA signature with a key-length of 192 bits is slightly more secure than 1024-bit RSA. This is of particular importance in the context of embedded systems， since shorter keys require less memory and less computational power， resulting in a significant performance and energy-efficiency gain. This is why the ANSI-standardized curve p192r1 serves as the base curve for digitally signing measurements on SyM2 and EDL meters. However， SyM2 meters face stringent timing requirements， as they need to perform two consumption measurements per second， sign and transmit them. In contrast， EDL meters have to meet rather relaxed timing requirements， a signature might take nearly three minutes to complete without raising any issues.

　　Therefore， ubisys? technologies has extended its C++ template class library CompactECC? with a dedicated implementation of the p192r1 curve. This particular implementation allows for an optimal blend of code size， memory footprint， and execution time， depending on individual application requirements. The library can generally be used with all 8-， 16- and 32-bit controllers for which a C++ or embedded C++ compiler with template support exists. Integration with plain C projects is also possible.